Bahasa Indonesia and Manners are very important to Indonesian people, and since you will be treated as an honoured guest in their country, it is only right you should learn how to repay that courtesy. Believe me, you will be invited into many homes, offered many cups of coffee, and the lessons in this site will prove invaluable. New friendships will be quickly cemented.
You will find the Indonesians happy to help you learn their language, freely offering insights into their customs and way of life. They will become Your Best Personal Teachers, so keep an open attitude to everyone you meet there, and ask their help with learning their language.
But first, a little about the history of this ?made-up? language, a few basic rules and hints on pronunciation?.
The Indonesian Language was created in 1929 as a means to unify the thousands of islands previously claimed by Holland as The Dutch East Indies. With over 250 different languages trough out the island, it was necessary to have one unifying national language. Bahasa Indonesia was based on Malay, but trough the years has adopted many new words and usages from Sanskrit, Dutch, Arabic, and more recently from English.
Bahasa Indonesia is spoken by all educated Indonesians from the north of Sumatra, trough Java, Bali and the eastern islands to Timor and Irian Jaya.
Basic Indonesian, as used by the majority of the population, is a simple language without many of the inconsistencies found in English.
There is no ?the? or ?a? in Indonesian, so to say ?the Beach? for example, or ?a beach?, you just say ?beach?, or in Indonesian ?Pantai? (Pun-tie).
Sometimes ?this? or ?that? can be used as an alternative for ?the?. Eg. ?This beach? = ?Pantai ini? (Pun-tie in-nee) or ?that beach? = ?pantai itu? (Pun-tie it-too)
There is no equivalent of the intransitive verb ?to be? so to say ?The beach is close? you just say ?Beach close? = ?Pantai dekat? (Pun-tie dec-kaht)
are often expressed by just doubling the noun. Eg ?Beaches? is ?Pantai-pantai?. But the use of qualifying words that already imply plurality ca be enough alone eg. ?Many beaches? is ?Banyak pantai? (Bun-yuk pun-tie)
Tenses are handled simply by the use of a view adverbs to denote timing rather than conjugating the verb as in English. This is what helps make Indonesian so easy to learn! Eg. The verb for ?Go?-?Pergi? does not change :
Saya pergi ke pantai = I go to the beach
Saya sedang pergi ke pantai = I am going to the beach
Saya belum pergi ke pantai = I have not yet gone to the beach
Saya akan pergi ke pantai = I will go to the beach
Saya mau pergi ke pantai = I want to go to the beach
Saya sudah pergi ke pantai = I have already gone to the beach
Saya baru pergi ke pantai = I just went to the beach
present tense
Belum (b?loom) = not yet Future tense
Akan (ah-kahn) = will Future tense
Mau (ma-oo) = want Future tense
Sudah (sue-dah) = already Past tense
Baru (bah-roo) = just Past tense
Timing can also be denoted by the words for ?today?, ?tomorrow?, ?yesterday?, etc. or ?earlier?, ?later?, time and days of the week. Here are some examples???
Saya pergi kepantai hari ini = I (will)go to the beach today
Saya pergi kepantai kemarin = I went to the beach yesterday
Saya pergi kepantai besok = I (will)go to the beach tomorrow
Saya pergi kepantai tadi = I went to the beach earlier
Saya pergi kepantai nanti = I (will) go to the beach later
Saya pergi kepantai jam satu = I (will go/went) to the beach at one o?clock
Saya pergi kepantai hari minggu = I (will go/went) to the beach Sunday
are constructed similarly to English, usually with the subject first, then the verb, object and adjective. Adjectives usually follow nouns ? to say ? the big wave? you say ?wave big? (ombak besar)
There are no Possessive words for ?mine?, ?yours?, or ?ours? ? just the usage of ?me?, ?you? or ?us? after the object denote possession. So, ?My surfboard? is stated ?Surfboard me? (?ski saya?). ?My small surfboard? is stated ?surfboard small me? (?ski kecil saya?).Only for ?his? or ?hers? can this change by the addition of ?nya? at the end of the word to denote ownership eg. ?His surfboard? = ?Skinya?. However ?dia? (he/she) is also very common eg. ?ski dia?.( Note : You may hear some local saying ?ku? (shortened ?aku? = ?I?) or ?mu? (shortened ?mu?= ?you?) to denote ownership, but don?t copy this fading habit as these are regarded as less polite than using ?saya? or ?anda?.An understanding of just these few rules will allow you to speak and understand the basic Indonesian spoken in most everyday situations and get you on the road to discovering your own surf spots.Please understand that more formal, sophisticated levels of the language do exist, with their own complex rules of suffixes and prefixes, but for the average traveler to Indonesia, the basic rules outlined here are more than sufficient to get by, make friends and be understood.The only other ?rule? is that like all nationalities, the Indonesian people respond marvelously to politeness and respect-the really will appreciate your attempts to speak their language. Also remember that often just a smile will go a long way to creating the opening for better understanding and friendship.